Tao Run Deft Object Detection
NVIDIAOfficialCreated by NVIDIA Corporation
- Skill
- Workflow
- Software development
- Apache-2.0
- Medium risk
- Has scripts
AutoGineer summary
Written by AutoGineer from the skill’s own files, not by the author
This skill executes a multi-stage, iterative workflow designed to improve object detection model performance through smart data augmentation. It manages a complete loop including zero-shot baseline inference, KPI analysis, per-class gap analysis, SigLIP-based embedding, unique-neighbor mining from a source pool, dataset staging, and retraining. The skill also provides a separate invocation for preparing the source pool, which involves pseudo-labeling raw images with Co-DETR, remapping classes, and converting data formats. It operates as a state-managed loop, ensuring consistency across iterations and providing automated reporting.
What it does
- Performs zero-shot baseline inference and KPI analysis on Grounding DINO models.
- Conducts per-class gap analysis to identify model weaknesses.
- Mines unique, high-value training samples from a prepared source pool using SigLIP embeddings.
- Stages mined data into the ODVG format for iterative model retraining.
- Prepares source pools by pseudo-labeling raw images and converting them to the required ODVG format.
- Maintains a persistent state machine to track progress and ensure auditability across training iterations.
When to use it
- When you need to improve the mAP of a Grounding DINO model through iterative data mining.
- When you have a large pool of unlabeled images that need to be pseudo-labeled and mined for training.
- When you want to automate the gap analysis, mining, and retraining cycle.
- When you need to prepare a source pool of images for use in a DEFT-based detection workflow.
Advantages
- Automates complex, multi-step data augmentation and training loops.
- Reduces manual effort in identifying and labeling high-value training data.
- Ensures consistent data processing and state management across iterations.
- Provides clear visibility into model performance trends through automated KPI reporting.
Usage examples
- “run the DEFT OD loop”
- The agent initiates the iterative mining and retraining process, starting with baseline inference and gap analysis.
- “prep the source pool”
- The agent runs the Co-DETR pseudo-labeling and embedding pipeline to prepare your raw images for future mining.
- “mine and retrain my detection model”
- The agent performs gap analysis, mines new samples from the source pool, stages the data, and triggers a retraining iteration.
- “improve OD mAP with gap analysis and mining”
- The agent executes the full DEFT loop to identify performance gaps and iteratively grow the training dataset to boost mAP.
Install
Download the skill as a ZIP:
https://autogineer.com/agent-skills/nvidia/tao-run-deft-object-detection/downloadUnzip it into the cross-client skills folder of your project:
mkdir -p .agents/skills && unzip tao-run-deft-object-detection.zip -d .agents/skills
Documentation by NVIDIA Corporation
Skill: tao-run-deft-object-detection
Standalone install? If this session was not initialized by the TAO skill bank plugin, run the
tao-setupskill first (host preflight, credentials, cross-skill discovery).
Execution Contract
Treat this as a disk-backed state machine, not as a prose recipe.
Preserve every explicit user value.
epoch 1meanstrain.num_epochs=1; a spec value or documented default applies only when the user did not supply that parameter. Show the source of every run parameter (user,spec, ordefault) in the Pre-Flight Summary.After the user approves the Summary, initialize
deft_state.jsononce withscripts/init_deft_state.py. Never hand-author or reinitialize it on resume.Run every bundled or inline host-Python command through
scripts/deft_python.sh. On startup, after context compaction, before every stage, and before any completion claim, run:<skill_root>/scripts/deft_python.sh \ <skill_root>/scripts/audit_deft_run.py --results-dir "${RESULTS_DIR}"If it prints
DEFT_RUN_STATUS=INVALID, stop and repair the listed disk inconsistency; do not launch another stage. Read the path printed asread_before_actionbefore continuing.Invoke the mapped underlying skill after reading the DEFT overlay. Do not replace a missing or unread stage reference, or a failed skill call, with guessed shell commands, inline Python, a different output tree, or fabricated data.
Commit every stage with
scripts/commit_stage.py; it verifies artifacts, updatesdeft_state.json, appends exactly one orderedloop_log.jsonlevent, and rolls back if its audit fails.Claim the loop complete only when this exits zero:
<skill_root>/scripts/deft_python.sh \ <skill_root>/scripts/audit_deft_run.py \ --results-dir "${RESULTS_DIR}" --require-complete
Context Discipline
Load references just in time. Run the audit, read only its
read_before_actionfile and the current stage's named section, then act. Never preload all references.Redirect verbose train, inference, and Docker output to files. Inspect at most the final 40 lines or a one-line artifact check; never print a full spec, state file, or loop log into the conversation.
A Skill-tool call loads stage instructions; it does not start a background orchestrator. Continue the documented stage in the parent immediately after it returns.
When to Use This Skill
Use this skill when the user wants an agent to run the full smart-data-augmentation loop for a TAO Grounding DINO detection model: zero-shot baseline, gap analysis, mining, dataset growth, and retraining across N iterations.
"Run the DEFT OD loop"
"Run smart data augmentation for grounding dino"
"Mine more training data for my detection model and retrain"
"Improve detection mAP with gap analysis and unique-neighbor mining"
Also use it to prepare the source pool, which is a separate run that completes before the
loop launches (see ## Two Invocations: Prep, Then Loop):
"Prep the source pool"
"Pseudo-label my unlabeled images for mining"
"Build the mining pool from these raw images"
Do not use this skill for a single standalone TAO training run, one-off inference, or gap analysis alone. Invoke the relevant leaf skill directly instead.
Scope: Grounding DINO + ODVG
This loop targets Grounding DINO with ODVG training annotations (tmm_odvg.jsonl + labelmap.json), matching the reference pipeline. dataset.train_data_sources is a list; each iteration appends one new ODVG source rather than rewriting a combined CSV. DINO and RT-DETR (COCO) are not supported by this workflow — use the leaf skills directly for those.
The loop does not train at baseline. It evaluates the supplied zero-shot / pretrained checkpoint as iteration 0 and only trains from iteration 1 onward, once mining has produced data to add.
Two Invocations: Prep, Then Loop
The source pool is prepared by its own run, before the loop launches. They are separate because a pool is prepped once and then serves many loop runs — coupling them would re-label and re-embed the same images on every launch.
| Invocation | Does | Produces |
|---|---|---|
| "Prep the source pool" | Co-DETR pseudo-labels raw pool images, folds to the target classes, converts KITTI→COCO→ODVG, verifies, embeds | coco.json, odvg/, source_embeddings.parquet, pool_report.json |
| "Run the DEFT loop" | baseline → iterations | checkpoints, KPI, the mAP trend |
Follow references/prep-source-pool.md for the first. The loop then takes those four paths as
inputs; Pre-Flight validates them and init_deft_state.py pins them, so a run cannot reach
mine with no corpus to search.
Launch Intake
Do not ask which platform to run on. This workflow supports one: every stage launches
with docker run, and its compatibility line requires docker plus the
nvidia-container-toolkit. The bank's rule in AGENTS.md is to treat a single supported
platform as the selection and only ask when an application supports several — asking here
would offer a choice that nothing downstream can act on.
Read tao-run-on-docker's ## Credentials section.
Never ask for or read credential values. Check only whether the required environment variable is set; if unset, tell the user which variable to export.
Agent Behavior
There is exactly one user gate: pre-flight confirmation. Print the Pre-Flight Summary (see
references/preflight.md), then STOP and wait for explicit approval ("go", "yes", "looks good"). Do not launch any side-effecting step before that approval.After the gate, the skill is fully autonomous. Run the entire loop without asking for confirmation. Only stop if a step fails with an unrecoverable error or a hard-stop gate fires. Print a one-line status update at each stage milestone.
Auto-mode required. The post-gate loop fires constant side-effecting calls; without auto-accept mode it stalls on the first prompt. Remind the user at the Pre-Flight Summary to enable auto-mode (shift+tab) before approving.
Non-zero command rule. Never repeat an unchanged failed command. Read the final error block, map it to the loaded stage reference, make one evidence-based correction, and rerun its documented verification. If the reference does not cover the failure, commit
status=errorand halt.Revised plan. If any run parameter changes after the Summary was shown, re-run Pre-Flight and show an updated Summary before proceeding.
Workflow
Full detail in references/pipeline-and-state.md.
Pre-Flight. Run every check in
references/preflight.md. Resolve workspace, specs, annotations, the zero-shot checkpoint, the source-pool embedding parquet, and container images. Hard stop only on missing input you cannot resolve yourself.Prep (once, before baseline). If the source pool is not already labeled and embedded, pseudo-label it with Co-DETR, fold the predictions onto the user's target classes, convert KITTI→COCO→ODVG, and embed the pool. Skip any step whose output already exists — no script does this for you, so check before each step. See
references/prep-source-pool.md.Baseline (iter_0) — no training. Run
inferencewith the supplied zero-shot / pretrained checkpoint, thenkpi_analyze. Seedtrain_grounding_dino.yamlfrom the user's template for later iterations to extend.Iterate. For each iteration 1..
max_iterations, run the seven stages in order:gap_analysis→embed→mine→stage→train→inference→kpi_analyze. Each iteration'sgap_analysisconsumes the previous phase's inference labels. Between stages run the audit and follow its one-line disk-backed next action.Stop when
max_iterationsis reached or a hard-stop gate fires. mAP is reported, not gated — the loop does not early-exit on a metric target.The report renders itself.
results/DEFT_Loop_Report.mdis written byinit_deft_state.pyand re-rendered by every acceptedcommit_stage.pycall. Do not spawn a subagent for it and do not compose it by hand; to refresh it out of band, runscripts/render_report.py --results-dir "${RESULTS_DIR}".
All stages run inline in the parent context. Prefer invoking the underlying tao-skill-bank:* skills via the Skill tool, layering loop conventions on top via the matching references/*.md overlay.
Using Bundled Scripts
Run bundled scripts through <skill_root>/scripts/deft_python.sh. Resolve every path argument to an absolute host path first. Use commit_stage.py for all state and log writes. See references/scripts-and-agents.md.
Stage Reference Modules
Each stage maps to one underlying skill or to bundled glue. Read only the current stage's overlay, then invoke.
The overlays are written against two loop variables that Pre-Flight sets and every stage uses: N, the current iteration number, and PHASE, which is baseline or iter${N}. They are stated here because a stage overlay is read on its own — see references/preflight.md for the full set.
If an overlay is missing, stop and ask the user to reinstall the plugin — the loop cannot run a stage whose settings it does not have. If a mapped skill is unavailable, do not stop and do not improvise: fall back to the overlay's documented docker run as described in references/scripts-and-agents.md, and commit that stage with --execution-path direct-container instead of the documented skill. The overlay carries everything the invocation needs, so the fallback produces the same artifacts.
On a runtime without a Skill tool (Codex, for example), the mapped skills are still on disk under the plugin root: read skills/<layer>/<name>/SKILL.md there for the invocation contract, then run it through the direct-container fallback above, committing the stage with --execution-path direct-container. On such a runtime that fallback is the expected route for every stage, not an exception.
| Stage | Overlay | Underlying skill |
|---|---|---|
prep (once) | references/prep-source-pool.md | tao-skill-bank:tao-train-codetr + tao-generate-image-embeddings (+ bundled glue) |
gap_analysis | references/tao-analyze-gaps-od-map.md | tao-skill-bank:tao-analyze-gaps-od-map |
embed | references/tao-generate-image-embeddings.md | tao-skill-bank:tao-generate-image-embeddings |
mine | references/tao-mine-od-images.md | tao-skill-bank:tao-mine-od-images |
stage | references/stage-mined-data.md | (bundled glue — no leaf skill) |
train, inference | references/grounding-dino.md | tao-skill-bank:tao-train-grounding-dino |
kpi_analyze | references/tao-analyze-detection-kpi.md | tao-skill-bank:tao-analyze-detection-kpi |
Path rule (invariant). Record absolute host paths under ${RESULTS_DIR}. Mount "$WORKSPACE:$WORKSPACE" with identical host and container paths. TAO's update_results_dir appends the task name to results_dir, so passing results_dir=X to train writes X/train/ and to inference writes X/inference/. Never append the subdirectory yourself.
Data, Pre-Flight, Pipeline, and State References
| Topic | Reference |
|---|---|
| Data contract, ODVG layout, source pool, output tree | references/data-layout.md |
| One-time source-pool prep (pseudo-label, remap, convert, embed) | references/prep-source-pool.md |
| Pre-Flight checks, defaults, Summary template | references/preflight.md |
| Pipeline stages, state schema, loop-end sequence | references/pipeline-and-state.md |
| Bundled scripts, glue, the report renderer, stage table | references/scripts-and-agents.md |
max_iterations defaults to 1 — one mine, train and score pass, the smallest run that yields a comparison against the baseline. Confirm it with the user when they have not said how many iterations they want; an unattended run takes the default rather than stopping to ask.
Gating
Run the full Pre-Flight, print the Summary, then STOP at the one user gate. After approval, run the baseline and the seven-stage iteration pipeline.
Hard-stop and never auto-retry on: any stage status=error; a missing or zero-row source-pool embedding parquet; a zero-row mining result when weak images were present; a missing ODVG annotation source; an image/annotation mismatch after staging; or a train exit that emits no new iteration checkpoint. The loop stops when max_iterations is reached or an unrecoverable gate fires. Each terminal path commits loop_stop through commit_stage.py, then follows the loop-end sequence in references/pipeline-and-state.md.
Files
- ATTRIBUTION.mdAdded by AutoGineer957 B
- BENCHMARK.md8.0 KiB
- LICENSELicence file added by AutoGineer11.2 KiB
- SKILL.md13.7 KiB
- agents/reporter.md1.4 KiB
- assets/gap_analysis_object_detection.yaml1.9 KiB
- assets/image_embeddings.yaml790 B
- assets/overlays/coco_to_odvg.yaml334 B
- assets/overlays/codetr_inference.yaml5.0 KiB
- assets/overlays/grounding_dino_inference.yaml1.3 KiB
- assets/overlays/kitti_to_coco.yaml500 B
- assets/overlays/kpi_analyze.yaml2.0 KiB
- assets/tmm_unique_neighbor_matching.yaml1.7 KiB
- assets/train_grounding_dino.yaml2.6 KiB
- config/skillspector-baseline.yaml4.6 KiB
- evals/evals.json5.6 KiB
- references/data-layout.md7.7 KiB
- references/example_classes_its.yaml2.0 KiB
- references/grounding-dino.md16.7 KiB
- references/pipeline-and-state.md15.4 KiB
- references/preflight.md29.4 KiB
- references/prep-source-pool.md27.3 KiB
- references/scripts-and-agents.md15.2 KiB
- references/stage-mined-data.md6.3 KiB
- references/tao-analyze-detection-kpi.md11.4 KiB
- references/tao-analyze-gaps-od-map.md8.6 KiB
- references/tao-generate-image-embeddings.md4.0 KiB
- references/tao-mine-od-images.md8.2 KiB
- scripts/apply_spec_overrides.pyScript16.0 KiB
- scripts/audit_deft_run.pyScript39.2 KiB
- scripts/await_stage.pyScript7.5 KiB
- scripts/commit_stage.pyScript52.8 KiB
- scripts/deft_python.shScript2.5 KiB
- scripts/deft_stages.pyScript8.4 KiB
- scripts/emit_default_spec.pyScript9.1 KiB
- scripts/fetch_codetr_checkpoint.pyScript10.4 KiB
- scripts/fetch_gdino_checkpoint.pyScript7.4 KiB
- scripts/init_deft_state.pyScript44.8 KiB
- scripts/prepare_budget_for_mining.pyScript7.1 KiB
- scripts/prepare_class_mappings_for_mining_data_prep.pyScript8.9 KiB
- scripts/prepare_exclude_for_mining.pyScript4.7 KiB
- scripts/prepare_input_for_image_embeddings.pyScript4.3 KiB
- scripts/prepare_mapping_for_kpi_analyze.pyScript5.1 KiB
- scripts/prepare_spec_for_train.pyScript11.8 KiB
- scripts/prepare_thresholds_for_gap_analysis.pyScript5.9 KiB
- scripts/prepare_val_split_for_train.pyScript5.5 KiB
- scripts/render_report.pyScript33.7 KiB
- scripts/stage_mined_odvg.pyScript10.3 KiB
- scripts/summarize_kpi.pyScript9.1 KiB
- scripts/tests/test_state_machine.shScript178.2 KiB
- scripts/validate_odvg_images.pyScript4.6 KiB
- scripts/validate_pool_coco.pyScript13.0 KiB
- scripts/verify_class_contract.pyScript8.0 KiB
- scripts/verify_embed_encoder.pyScript3.8 KiB
- scripts/verify_pseudo_labels.pyScript7.5 KiB
- skill-card.md5.5 KiB
- skill.oms.sig16.6 KiB
evals/evals.json
[
{
"id": "tao-run-deft-object-detection-basic",
"question": "A user request: \"Use the tao-run-deft-object-detection skill to improve my Grounding DINO model.\" Identify which TAO skill applies and, reading only that skill's documentation, outline the steps it prescribes. Do NOT run any commands, scripts, web searches, or other tools \u2014 describe the plan only.",
"expected_skill": "tao-run-deft-object-detection",
"expected_script": null,
"ground_truth": "Identify tao-run-deft-object-detection as the applicable skill and summarize its documented workflow from SKILL.md without executing anything.",
"expected_behavior": [
"Identifies tao-run-deft-object-detection as the relevant skill",
"States that the baseline runs inference then kpi_analyze against a zero-shot checkpoint and does NOT train",
"Lists the seven iteration stages in order: gap_analysis, embed, mine, stage, train, inference, kpi_analyze",
"Mentions the single user gate at the Pre-Flight Summary before the loop becomes autonomous",
"Notes that mAP is reported rather than gated, so the loop runs to max_iterations",
"Does not run commands, scripts, or web searches"
]
},
{
"id": "tao-run-deft-object-detection-stage-skills",
"question": "Reading only the tao-run-deft-object-detection skill documentation, which underlying TAO skills does each of its iteration stages invoke, and which stages are bundled glue rather than a skill? Do NOT run any commands, scripts, or web searches.",
"expected_skill": "tao-run-deft-object-detection",
"expected_script": null,
"ground_truth": "gap_analysis uses tao-analyze-gaps-od-map; embed uses tao-generate-image-embeddings; mine uses tao-mine-od-images; train and inference use tao-train-grounding-dino; kpi_analyze uses tao-analyze-detection-kpi. The stage step is bundled glue with no leaf skill.",
"expected_behavior": [
"Maps gap_analysis to tao-analyze-gaps-od-map",
"Maps embed to tao-generate-image-embeddings",
"Maps mine to tao-mine-od-images",
"Maps train and inference to tao-train-grounding-dino",
"Maps kpi_analyze to tao-analyze-detection-kpi",
"Identifies the stage step as bundled glue with no underlying skill",
"Does not run commands, scripts, or web searches"
]
},
{
"id": "tao-run-deft-object-detection-run-loop",
"question": "Run the DEFT object-detection loop.\nPool images: $POOL/images\nTarget classes: bicycle, car, person\nworkspace $WORKSPACE\nresults dir $WORKSPACE/run_full\nKPI images $KPI/images\nKPI ground truth $KPI/labels\nKPI class mapping $MAPPING.yaml\nepochs 1 \u00b7 2 GPUs \u00b7 multiplier 1 \u00b7 allocation class-balanced\n\nOutline the steps the skill prescribes. Do NOT run any commands, scripts, web searches, or other tools \u2014 describe the plan only.",
"expected_skill": "tao-run-deft-object-detection",
"expected_script": null,
"ground_truth": "Identify tao-run-deft-object-detection, initialise run state from the supplied parameters, prepare the source pool once, score a zero-shot baseline, then iterate gap_analysis -> embed -> mine -> stage -> train -> inference -> kpi_analyze, committing each stage. Everything not supplied \u2014 the container images, the zero-shot checkpoint, every spec, the mining budget and the weak-image thresholds \u2014 comes from the skill, not from the user.",
"expected_behavior": [
"Identifies tao-run-deft-object-detection as the relevant skill",
"Runs Pre-Flight and stops at the Pre-Flight Summary for the single user gate before launching GPU work",
"States that prep runs once: Co-DETR pseudo-labels the pool, annotations convert produces COCO and ODVG, embedding image_embeddings produces the mining corpus",
"States that the baseline runs inference then kpi_analyze against a zero-shot checkpoint and does NOT train",
"Lists the seven iteration stages in order: gap_analysis, embed, mine, stage, train, inference, kpi_analyze",
"Does not ask the user for the container images, the zero-shot checkpoint, or any spec contents \u2014 the skill resolves these",
"Commits each stage so the run is resumable, rather than treating stage output alone as completion",
"Does not run commands, scripts, or web searches"
]
},
{
"id": "tao-run-deft-object-detection-resume-state",
"question": "Resume the existing DEFT object-detection run at $RESULTS_DIR. Determine its canonical status and the single safe next action before launching any GPU work.",
"expected_skill": "tao-run-deft-object-detection",
"expected_script": "scripts/audit_deft_run.py",
"ground_truth": "Load tao-run-deft-object-detection and run its read-only audit against $RESULTS_DIR. The audit reads deft_state.json and loop_log.jsonl from disk and reports DEFT_RUN_STATUS, last_committed, next_action and read_before_action. Trust that over any prior assistant message or transcript, stop on INVALID, and read only the reference the audit names before acting.",
"expected_behavior": [
"Runs scripts/audit_deft_run.py against $RESULTS_DIR before any stage command",
"Treats deft_state.json plus loop_log.jsonl as the sole source of truth for what completed",
"Uses the audit's next_action rather than inferring the next stage from artifacts on disk",
"Reads only the reference named by read_before_action before acting",
"Stops when DEFT_RUN_STATUS is INVALID instead of continuing",
"Does not launch containers, pulls, or file mutations during the status check",
"Does not infer completion from a checkpoint, a kpi_calc.csv, or a prior assistant message alone"
]
}
]
Requirements and compatibility
Works with: Claude Code, Claude apps, OpenAI Codex, GitHub Copilot, Cursor, Gemini CLI, Kiro, OpenCode, Goose, Amp, Roo Code, JetBrains Junie, Factory Droid, Devin (ex-Windsurf), Mistral Vibe, OpenHands, Letta
“Works with” means the tool reads the open Agent Skills format; a skill written for one tool may use features others lack.
Needs: Declares allowed tools, Needs Python
The author says: Requires docker + nvidia-container-toolkit and one or more CUDA GPUs. Workflows declare additional requirements.
Security
What our scanner noticed· Medium risk
- Large base64-encoded blobs
- References to credential files
- Scripts that your agent may run
This skill includes scripts that your agent may run. Read them before you use it.
A static scan is not a guarantee. Skills are third-party content: review a skill before you let an agent use it.
Attribution and licence
- Created by
- NVIDIA Corporation
- Publisher
- NVIDIA (Official)
- Source
- NVIDIA/skills · skills/tao-run-deft-object-detection · commit fce3cca
- Licence
- Apache License 2.0 (redistribution allowed)
- LICENSE (added by AutoGineer from LICENSE-APACHE)
- ATTRIBUTION.md (written by AutoGineer)
- Synced
AutoGineer is not affiliated with or endorsed by NVIDIA Corporation or NVIDIA.
Download ZIP
The ZIP holds the skill’s files, its licence files and an ATTRIBUTION.md. Download tao-run-deft-object-detection.zip