Tao Train Sparse4d
NVIDIAOfficialCreated by NVIDIA Corporation
- Skill
- Workflow
- Software development
- Apache-2.0
- Medium risk
- Has scripts
AutoGineer summary
Written by AutoGineer from the skill’s own files, not by the author
The tao-train-sparse4d skill provides a structured workflow for preparing multi-camera data and managing the full lifecycle of Sparse4D 3D detection and tracking models within the NVIDIA TAO ecosystem. It supports data conversion, training, evaluation, inference, model export, and quantization. The skill includes specialized support for 2D-to-3D geometric distillation using released LTT weights, enabling temporal multi-camera perception workflows.
What it does
- Converts raw multi-camera scene data into OVPKL format for model training.
- Executes training, evaluation, and inference for Sparse4D models.
- Supports 2D-to-3D geometric distillation for enhanced perception.
- Exports trained models to ONNX format and performs model quantization.
- Integrates with AutoML policies for optimized training runs.
- Provides guidance on backbone selection and checkpoint management.
When to use it
- When developing 3D detection or tracking systems using multi-camera inputs.
- When adapting Sparse4D models to new datasets or specific camera configurations.
- When performing geometric distillation to leverage 2D annotations for 3D tasks.
- When preparing models for deployment through export and quantization.
Advantages
- Standardized workflow for complex multi-camera perception tasks.
- Automated handling of geometric distillation and temporal data.
- Direct integration with TAO Toolkit runtime and data services.
- Consistent artifact management across training, evaluation, and export.
Usage examples
- “Convert my raw multi-camera dataset for Sparse4D training.”
- The agent will trigger the dataset_convert action using the specified experiment template and data root, producing the necessary OVPKL files.
- “Train a Sparse4D model using ResNet-50 and geometric distillation.”
- The agent will configure the training job with the ResNet-50 backbone, apply the LTT weights, and initiate the training process on the allocated infrastructure.
Install
Download the skill as a ZIP:
https://autogineer.com/agent-skills/nvidia/tao-train-sparse4d/downloadUnzip it into the cross-client skills folder of your project:
mkdir -p .agents/skills && unzip tao-train-sparse4d.zip -d .agents/skills
Documentation by NVIDIA Corporation
Sparse4D
Standalone install? If the TAO skill bank plugin did not initialize the session, run
tao-setupfor host preflight, credentials, and cross-skill discovery.
Sparse4D predicts 3D boxes and tracking IDs from synchronized, calibrated multi-camera images. Start with the selected model's experiment specification and checkpoint. The canonical TAO documentation covers the model workflow.
Instructions
Identify the requested action, data supervision, selected checkpoint, and platform. Read the action contract and the selected platform skill. Preserve the user's platform, model, data, and training-budget choices.
Match the backbone, ordered classes, image preprocessing, anchors, and temporal dimensions to the selected checkpoint. Follow Backbone and checkpoint selection below before preparing the specification.
Use existing compatible info PKLs when supplied. For raw data, follow local conversion and artifact checks. For calibrated real scenes with 2D targets, read geometric distillation; that route does not require 3D annotations or conversion-generated anchors.
Start from
references/spec_template_<action>.yamland the selected release's experiment specification. Resolve paths against actual staged artifacts. Bindresults_dirand any action-specificresults_dirto the current job output directory; released specifications can contain old output paths. Write nested YAML, not flat dotted keys; do not fabricate train/val/test files or scene suffixes. Check the installed runtime exposes the fields used by the requested workflow.Resolve the model-level image for model actions and the action-level Data Services image for
dataset_convert. For a requested TAO release, use the matching skill-bank release branch and its image pins; do not substitute the default branch's release. Followtao-launch-workflowand the chosen platform'ssubmit/status/logs/cancelcontract, retaining its job record and explicit output directory. Existing user authorization applies; request missing launch approval only for work not already authorized.Verify the produced artifacts and model metrics. A successful process or short training run is a smoke result, not evidence of improved 3D accuracy. Do not report unpublished experimental fixes or another run's results as validation of the selected image.
Backbone and checkpoint selection
Respect an explicit ResNet-50 or ResNet-101 choice. For an existing Sparse4D checkpoint, use the accompanying experiment specification and release metadata to determine
model.backbone.type(resnet_50orresnet_101). If they conflict with the requested backbone, resolve that mismatch before launch; do not change the architecture to make a checkpoint load partially.If no checkpoint/backbone has been selected, ask which compatible released model to use. The schema default
resnet_101is a configuration default, not a recommendation or evidence about the user's checkpoint.Preserve the selected checkpoint's class order, anchors, input dimensions, and temporal/query dimensions. A filename alone is insufficient when its provenance is unclear.
The LTT MLP is a separate geometry adapter. Downloading it from the ResNet-50 bundle does not select the Sparse4D backbone. Its ordered taxonomy must match the training data and model.
Fine-tuning uses
train.pretrained_model_path. Continuing a run usestrain.resume_training_checkpoint_pathand a compatible saved training state. Random initialization with an empty pretrained path is suitable only when explicitly requested, for example a wiring smoke test.
Train action policy
Read references/skill_info.yaml before train requests. This model is AutoML-enabled. Preserve an explicit automl_policy: on / off; requests for plain training, no HPO, a fixed-specification reproduction, a bounded wiring smoke test, or an exact continuation mean off for that run. Otherwise default to on and route through tao-skill-bank:tao-run-automl when both schemas/train.schema.json and references/spec_template_train.yaml are available. Preserve dataset, checkpoint, specification, GPU/platform, and budget overrides. If the schema/template is missing, report that AutoML is unavailable and use direct training within the user's request.
AutoML's monitoring name is val_mAP; Sparse4D emits img_bbox_NuScenes/mAP and mAP as aliases. A promoted resume job may carry the source rung's metric without a new evaluation: report its provenance and verify the resumed checkpoint independently. Follow the AutoML skill's baseline-evaluation requirement. Evaluate, inference, export, and quantize remain in this skill.
Training Requirements
Training needs converted OVPKL data, held-out labeled validation data, matching anchors, and the selected pretrained checkpoint or resume state. Preserve the selected backbone and ordered taxonomy. Geometric distillation additionally needs the released LTT checkpoint and prepared supervision caches. Choose the GPU count and training budget from the user's request and available resources.
Per-Action Dataset Requirements
The model uses OVPKL annotations. The action contract declares staged inputs, commands, outputs, and optional artifacts. Paths embedded in info PKLs, split lists, and lazy indexes must also remain visible inside the selected runtime; staging a split file alone does not stage its referenced data.
| Action | Runtime command | Required data / model artifacts |
|---|---|---|
dataset_convert | annotations convert -e SPEC (Data Services) | Raw scene root, calibration, images; 3D annotations for labeled conversion only |
train | sparse4d train -e SPEC | Training and held-out validation PKLs/splits, image root, matching anchors, selected pretrained or resume checkpoint; optional LTT/cache artifacts for the chosen supervision route |
evaluate | sparse4d evaluate -e SPEC | evaluate.checkpoint, matching anchors, labeled held-out PKLs at dataset.test_dataset.ann_file, image root |
inference | sparse4d inference -e SPEC | inference.checkpoint, matching anchors, input PKLs at dataset.test_dataset.ann_file, image root |
export | sparse4d export -e SPEC | export.checkpoint, matching anchors and architecture, explicit export.onnx_file; no training datasets or external LTT checkpoint |
quantize | sparse4d quantize -e SPEC | quantize.model_path and the selected backend's calibration inputs; check runtime backend support |
The evaluation CLI calls the test dataloader. Setting only dataset.val_dataset.ann_file does not select its evaluation data; that field is used during training validation. Keep the unused dataset sections from the complete specification without inventing or staging unused annotation files.
Resolve model.head.instance_bank.anchor as an explicit model artifact from the selected bundle or a compatible labeled conversion. It is not inferred from a mandatory training dataset for evaluation or export.
Use checkpoint and output resolution for exact artifact handoff. Do not choose the first checkpoint found or rely on a removed SDK job resolver.
Typical Spec Overrides
For AutoML, construct spec_overrides from concrete staged paths in the table above and skill_info.yaml's data_sources; dotted keys are an AutoML override map, not the container YAML format. Set only the inputs needed by the selected action.
| Scope | Overrides to resolve |
|---|---|
| Training data | dataset.data_root, dataset.train_dataset.ann_file, dataset.val_dataset.ann_file |
| Model initialization | model.backbone.type, model.head.instance_bank.anchor, dataset.classes, and train.pretrained_model_path or train.resume_training_checkpoint_path |
| Training resources | train.num_gpus, train.num_epochs, dataset.batch_size, and dataset.num_workers, preserving the requested budget |
| Geometric distillation | The LTT/cache paths and route fields in the training fragment; preserve their validated class order and supervision policy during HPO |
| Evaluation and inference | dataset.data_root, dataset.test_dataset.ann_file, matching anchors, and the action's checkpoint |
| Output | results_dir and the action-specific output paths bound to the current job |
With dataset.lazy_load: true, stage the split's parent directory as a folder, including <split>_lazy_index.pkl beside the split and _pkl_cam_counts.pkl when used. Point ann_file into that staged directory; do not let file-only staging relocate it away from its index. Keep referenced PKLs and images visible, and rebuild the index after relocation. dataset.pkl_cam_counts_path is an optional camera-count override, not the lazy index.
Configuration and resource checks
Generated schemas and templates describe the packaged contract; schemas/manifest.json lists actions. Do not require a TAO Core checkout on the user's machine. Use the runtime's matching release specification for launch: a schema that knows a new field does not make an older image support it.
model.backbone.type: match the selected checkpoint.train.optim.lr,train.optim.lr_scheduler, andtrain.optim.grad_clip: optimizer settings are nested underoptim.dataset.batch_size: per-GPU batch size.dataset.max_camerascan reduce sampled training cameras when supported; validate the resulting supervision coverage.train.precision:bf16,fp16, orfp32, subject to hardware/runtime support. BF16 is not mandatory.train.num_gpus,train.gpu_ids,train.num_nodes: use the selected platform's allocation. One-GPU smoke training is supported; memory needs depend on the backbone, resolution, cameras, batch size, and temporal configuration.dataset.num_framesanddataset.num_bev_groupsare scheduling/data-size settings, not an activation-memory sequence-length knob. Inspect actual dataloader length and iteration counts before comparing training budgets across datasets or GPU counts.dataset.eval_dist_fcnanddataset.eval_hota: select supported detection/tracking evaluation. Keep thresholds, class order, dataset, and raw-versus-EMA checkpoint choice identical for comparisons.
Lightning manages the local workers. Do not add a second distributed launcher. Use the platform's multi-node environment contract; TAO's WORLD_SIZE launcher variable denotes node count, not the global GPU count. Mixed 3D/2D distributed training additionally needs the synchronized route settings in the geometric-distillation reference.
Error patterns
Missing annotation or image: inspect the converter outputs and embedded paths. Preserve the emitted BEV-group suffix, camera IDs, frame IDs, and mount roots. A conversion of
traindoes not also createvalandtestoutputs.Missing anchor: reuse the selected pretrained bundle's matching anchors, or use labeled conversion's generated anchors when compatible. Annotation-free conversion intentionally skips anchor initialization.
Legacy HDF5 depth tuple: inspect the affected labeled PKL and use the optional normalization helper in the conversion reference only when its documented layout matches. Unlabeled scenes have no depth paths to normalize.
Temporal OOM: first reduce per-GPU batch size or supported camera sampling; preserve checkpoint architecture. Do not blindly shrink anchor/temporal dimensions or treat
num_framesas a memory fix.LTT or teacher cache mismatch: verify ordered classes, scene/camera/frame joins, and container paths. The released LTT route supports its original seven classes; changing class names does not adapt the weights.
Export reshape: check the exporter contract in the conversion reference before training a reduced smoke model. Current export uses 20 dummy cameras and 600 cached temporal instances; successful inference alone does not establish export compatibility.
Unsupported quantize backend/image: report the selected image, backend, exact checkpoint, and failure. Do not claim a result from a historical validation image proves the current runtime works, or remove the action to hide the failure.
Files
- .gitleaks.toml252 B
- .gitleaksignore8.1 KiB
- ATTRIBUTION.mdAdded by AutoGineer924 B
- BENCHMARK.md8.2 KiB
- LICENSELicence file added by AutoGineer11.2 KiB
- SKILL.md12.8 KiB
- config/skillspector-baseline.yaml834 B
- evals/evals.json7.2 KiB
- references/geometric_distillation.md9.5 KiB
- references/geometric_distillation_train.yaml926 B
- references/local_docker_conversion.md6.8 KiB
- references/skill_info.yaml7.3 KiB
- references/spec_param_inference.md2.0 KiB
- references/spec_template_dataset_convert.yaml1.7 KiB
- references/spec_template_evaluate.yaml8.6 KiB
- references/spec_template_export.yaml8.7 KiB
- references/spec_template_inference.yaml8.7 KiB
- references/spec_template_quantize.yaml8.4 KiB
- references/spec_template_train.yaml8.4 KiB
- schemas/dataset_convert.schema.json14.4 KiB
- schemas/evaluate.schema.json136.1 KiB
- schemas/export.schema.json135.7 KiB
- schemas/inference.schema.json136.6 KiB
- schemas/manifest.json16.9 KiB
- schemas/quantize.schema.json132.3 KiB
- schemas/train.schema.json132.3 KiB
- scripts/normalize_depth_paths.pyScript3.4 KiB
- skill-card.md4.9 KiB
- skill.oms.sig9.8 KiB
references/skill_info.yaml
name: tao-train-sparse4d
network_arch: sparse4d
automl_enabled: true
container_image: nvcr.io/nvidia/tao/tao-toolkit:7.3.0-pyt # versions-key: images.tao_toolkit.pyt
data_format: ovpkl
gpu_spec_key: train.num_gpus
schema_excluded_fields:
- model.sv_aux_head
- model.sv_scene_keywords
- model.head.loose_to_tight.sv_depth_weight
- model.head.loose_to_tight.sv_size_weight
- model.head.loose_to_tight.sv_yaw_weight
- dataset.resize_to_canonical_2d
- dataset.canonical_2d_height
- dataset.canonical_2d_width
actions:
dataset_convert:
container_image: nvcr.io/nvidia/tao/tao-toolkit:7.3.0-data-services # versions-key: images.tao_toolkit.data_services
command: annotations convert -e {config_path}
config_format: yaml
mode: config
inputs:
aicity.root:
type: folder
container_path: /data/aicity_root
outputs:
results_dir:
type: folder
upload_excludes:
- inputs/
train:
command: sparse4d train -e {config_path}
config_format: yaml
mode: config
inputs:
dataset.data_root:
type: folder
container_path: /data/aicity_root/train
model.head.instance_bank.anchor:
type: file
dataset.train_dataset.ann_file:
type: file
description: >-
For lazy_load=true, stage the split parent directory with its matching
<split>_lazy_index.pkl and optional _pkl_cam_counts.pkl, then point this
field at the split inside that staged directory. Stage referenced PKLs
and images as well. Fetching this file alone is insufficient.
dataset.val_dataset.ann_file:
type: file
train.pretrained_model_path:
type: file
optional: true
train.resume_training_checkpoint_path:
type: file
optional: true
model.head.loose_to_tight.mlp_ckpt:
type: file
optional: true
dataset.ltt_2dgt_sidecar_dir:
type: folder
optional: true
dataset.rtdetr_2d_cache_dir:
type: folder
optional: true
dataset.rtdetr_2d_cache_path:
type: file
optional: true
dataset.pkl_cam_counts_path:
type: file
optional: true
outputs:
results_dir:
type: folder
upload_excludes:
- inputs/
quantize:
command: sparse4d quantize -e {config_path}
config_format: yaml
mode: config
inputs:
dataset.data_root:
type: folder
optional: true
container_path: /data/aicity_root/train
model.head.instance_bank.anchor:
type: file
dataset.test_dataset.ann_file:
type: file
optional: true
dataset.quant_calibration_dataset.images_dir:
type: folder
optional: true
quantize.model_path:
type: file
outputs:
results_dir:
type: folder
upload_excludes:
- inputs/
evaluate:
command: sparse4d evaluate -e {config_path}
config_format: yaml
mode: config
inputs:
dataset.data_root:
type: folder
container_path: /data/aicity_root/val
model.head.instance_bank.anchor:
type: file
dataset.test_dataset.ann_file:
type: file
evaluate.checkpoint:
type: file
outputs:
results_dir:
type: folder
upload_excludes:
- inputs/
export:
command: sparse4d export -e {config_path}
config_format: yaml
mode: config
inputs:
model.head.instance_bank.anchor:
type: file
export.checkpoint:
type: file
outputs:
results_dir:
type: folder
export.onnx_file:
type: file
upload_excludes:
- inputs/
inference:
command: sparse4d inference -e {config_path}
config_format: yaml
mode: config
inputs:
dataset.data_root:
type: folder
container_path: /data/aicity_root/test
model.head.instance_bank.anchor:
type: file
dataset.test_dataset.ann_file:
type: file
inference.checkpoint:
type: file
outputs:
results_dir:
type: folder
upload_excludes:
- inputs/
data_sources:
dataset_convert:
aicity.root:
source: train_datasets
path: ''
train:
dataset.data_root:
source: train_datasets
path: ''
dataset.train_dataset.ann_file:
source: train_datasets
path: ''
dataset.val_dataset.ann_file:
source: eval_dataset
path: ''
quantize:
dataset.data_root:
source: train_datasets
path: ''
dataset.test_dataset.ann_file:
source: calibration_dataset
path: ''
dataset.quant_calibration_dataset.images_dir:
source: calibration_dataset
path: ''
evaluate:
dataset.data_root:
source: eval_dataset
path: ''
dataset.test_dataset.ann_file:
source: eval_dataset
path: ''
export: {}
inference:
dataset.data_root:
source: inference_dataset
path: ''
dataset.test_dataset.ann_file:
source: inference_dataset
path: ''
spec_params:
dataset_convert:
results_dir: output_dir
train:
encryption_key: key
results_dir: output_dir
train.pretrained_model_path: ptm_if_no_resume_model
train.resume_training_checkpoint_path: resume_model
evaluate:
encryption_key: key
results_dir: output_dir
evaluate.checkpoint: parent_model
export:
encryption_key: key
results_dir: output_dir
export.checkpoint: parent_model
export.onnx_file: create_onnx_file
inference:
encryption_key: key
results_dir: output_dir
inference.checkpoint: parent_model
quantize:
encryption_key: key
results_dir: output_dir
quantize.model_path: parent_model
key_defaults: {}
spec_shorthand_keys:
num_epochs: train.num_epochs
num_gpus: train.num_gpus
batch_size: dataset.batch_size
learning_rate: train.optim.lr
num_frames: dataset.num_frames
num_workers: dataset.num_workers
data_root: dataset.data_root
anchor: model.head.instance_bank.anchor
num_anchor: model.head.instance_bank.num_anchor
num_temp_instances: model.head.instance_bank.num_temp_instances
num_output: model.head.num_output
num_cams: model.head.deformable_model.num_cams
max_num_cams: model.head.deformable_model.max_num_cams
train_ann_file: dataset.train_dataset.ann_file
val_ann_file: dataset.val_dataset.ann_file
test_ann_file: dataset.test_dataset.ann_file
calibration_images: dataset.quant_calibration_dataset.images_dir
pretrained_model: train.pretrained_model_path
resume_checkpoint: train.resume_training_checkpoint_path
checkpoint: evaluate.checkpoint
inference_checkpoint: inference.checkpoint
export_checkpoint: export.checkpoint
quantize_model: quantize.model_path
input_width: export.input_width
input_height: export.input_height
export_onnx: export.onnx_file
spec_templates:
dataset_convert: ../references/spec_template_dataset_convert.yaml
train: ../references/spec_template_train.yaml
evaluate: ../references/spec_template_evaluate.yaml
inference: ../references/spec_template_inference.yaml
export: ../references/spec_template_export.yaml
quantize: ../references/spec_template_quantize.yaml
description: Sparse4D for multi-camera temporal 3D object detection and tracking. Uses sparse queries with deformable attention
across camera views and time for end-to-end 3D perception. Includes instance bank for temporal tracking.
Requirements and compatibility
Works with: Claude Code, Claude apps, OpenAI Codex, GitHub Copilot, Cursor, Gemini CLI, Kiro, OpenCode, Goose, Amp, Roo Code, JetBrains Junie, Factory Droid, Devin (ex-Windsurf), Mistral Vibe, OpenHands, Letta
“Works with” means the tool reads the open Agent Skills format; a skill written for one tool may use features others lack.
Needs: Declares allowed tools, Needs Python, Needs Node.js
The author says: Requires a compatible TAO runtime; Docker execution requires docker and nvidia-container-toolkit.
Security
What our scanner noticed· Medium risk
- Large base64-encoded blobs
- Scripts that your agent may run
This skill includes scripts that your agent may run. Read them before you use it.
A static scan is not a guarantee. Skills are third-party content: review a skill before you let an agent use it.
Attribution and licence
- Created by
- NVIDIA Corporation
- Publisher
- NVIDIA (Official)
- Source
- NVIDIA/skills · skills/tao-train-sparse4d · commit fce3cca
- Licence
- Apache License 2.0 (redistribution allowed)
- LICENSE (added by AutoGineer from LICENSE-APACHE)
- ATTRIBUTION.md (written by AutoGineer)
- Synced
AutoGineer is not affiliated with or endorsed by NVIDIA Corporation or NVIDIA.
Download ZIP
The ZIP holds the skill’s files, its licence files and an ATTRIBUTION.md. Download tao-train-sparse4d.zip